Niger Republic is currently in the grip of a severe fuel crisis, prompting its government to turn to Nigeria for assistance despite recent diplomatic tensions. A delegation from Niger’s military junta recently visited Abuja to seek support. Following negotiations, Nigeria agreed to supply 300 trucks of petrol, a gesture that officials described as a “strategic bargaining tool” aimed at fostering improved relations and encouraging Niger’s return to ECOWAS, the regional economic bloc.
The roots of Niger’s fuel crisis can be traced back to issues with the Chinese-run Zinder Refinery Company (Soraz), which had been a critical supplier. Tensions escalated in March 2024 when the Nigerien government, facing economic hardship due to ECOWAS sanctions, defaulted on a $400 million loan from China. Instead of seeking an amicable resolution, the junta imposed a hefty $80 billion tax on the refinery, resulting in a standoff that led to the suspension of its operations. The ripple effects of this decision have left Niger with insufficient fuel supply to meet its daily needs.
As a result, petrol prices in Niger have soared. Depending on the location, a litre now sells for as much as N8,750. This price hike has been particularly devastating in regions further from the Nigerian border, where fuel scarcity is most acute.
Despite strained relations, Nigeria has stepped in as a “good neighbor” to alleviate Niger’s crisis. However, the details of the fuel agreement remain shrouded in secrecy, likely due to the sensitive geopolitical context. Nigerian officials have expressed hope that this gesture of goodwill will help mend ties and pave the way for future cooperation.
The crisis highlights the complex interplay of economics, politics, and diplomacy in West Africa. It underscores the importance of regional partnerships and the consequences of policy missteps, particularly in resource-dependent sectors. As both nations navigate these challenges, their ability to foster collaboration could have significant implications for stability in the region.
